The Middle Ages
Here's a surprise: during the middle ages a form of dance found its way into the Church - quite different from the Church's later attitude of dance as a sin. In Seville the choirboys performed a dance before the altar on a number of occasions, and this kind of display remains a tradition to this day in many countries. In the Far East temple dances were also performed.
The peasants of the middle ages did rain dances, and the tumblers of the Middle Ages included dance pieces in their acts between tumbling sequences.